Monday, 17 December 2018

All the methods of Inter-Vlan Routing configuration



When you want to establish communication between different VLANs you will need a device that can do routing. You could use an external router with separate physical gateways or sub-interface (router on stick) method but it’s also possible to use a multilayer switch. 
The router must have a physical or logical connection to each VLAN so that it can forward packets between VLANs.





Let’s see the first method router with separate physical gateways:-

Topology:
Goal:

  • configure the topology as per our diagram  and  the assign the IP addresses.
  • create VLAN 101 sales and VLAN 102 marketing and assign the interfaces to their VLAN as per the diagram



Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

Router#show ip interface brief
Interface               IP-Address       OK? Method    Status    Protocol

FastEthernet0/0    192.168.10.1    YES manual     up        up
FastEthernet         192.168.20.1    YES manual     up        up

Switch(config)#vlan 101
Switch(config-vlan)#name sales
Switch(config-vlan)#exit

Switch(config)#vlan 102
Switch(config-vlan)#name marketing
Switch(config-vlan)#exit

Switch(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 101
Switch(config-if-range)#exit

Switch(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/3-4
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 102

Switch(config-if-range)#exit



Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/5
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 101
Switch(config-if)#exit

Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/6
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 102

Switch(config-if)#exit

FROM HOST 1

lets see from HOST 4
FROM HOST 4




A router on stick can be used to route between VLANs using either ISL or IEEE 801.1Q as the trunking protocol. its requires sub-interface for each respective VLAN.

NOTE: whatever is your VLAN number its should be exact on sub-interface.

Let see the configuration using sub-interface (router on stick)

Topology:-


Goal:


  • configure the topology as per the diagram and assign the IP addresses 
  • configure VLAN 101 and VLAN 102
  • assign the port to their respective VLANs
  • configure sub-interfaces on router fast Ethernet 0/0 assign IP address as per the topology
  • ensure the connectivity between VLAN 101 and VLAN 102, make sure HOST 1 (VLAN 101) IS able to ping HOST 4 (VLAN 102).

Switch(config)#vlan 101
Switch(config-vlan)#name sales
Switch(config-vlan)#exit

Switch(config)#vlan 102
Switch(config-vlan)#name marketing
Switch(config-vlan)#exit

Switch(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 101
Switch(config-if-range)#exit

Switch(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/3-4
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 102

Switch(config-if-range)#exit



Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/5
Switch(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
Switch(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan 101,102

Switch(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.101
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 101
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#exit

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.102
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 102
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-subif)#exit

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.102, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.102, changed state to up

Router#show ip interface brief
Interface                         IP-Address          OK?      Method   Status          Protocol
FastEthernet0/0             unassigned          YES      manual      up                    up
FastEthernet0/0.101      192.168.10.1       YES      manual      up                    up

FastEthernet0/0.102      192.168.20.1       YES      manual      up                    up


from host 1


from host 4





let see the third method , inter-VLAN routing using multi-layer switch
switch virtual interface (SVI).
NOTE: to enable routing on multi-layer switch is command use IP ROUTING.

Topology:-
switch virtual interface (SVI)

Goal:


  • configure the topology as per the diagram and assign the IP address as per the topology
  • configure VLAN 111, VLAN 122 and assign the port into their VLANs respectively 
  • configure the IP address on multilayer switch 

Switch(config)#vlan 111
Switch(config-vlan)#name sales
Switch(config-vlan)#exit

Switch(config)#vlan 122
Switch(config-vlan)#name marketing
Switch(config-vlan)#exit



Switch(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2



Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 111
Switch(config-if-range)#exit

Switch(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/3-4

Switch(config-if-range)#switchport mode access

Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 122
Switch(config-if-range)#exit

Switch(config)#ip routing

Switch(config)#interface vlan 111
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan111, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan111, changed state to up

Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface vlan 122
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#end

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan122, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan122, changed state to up

Switch#show ip interface brief
Interface            IP-Address       OK?     Method  Status Protocol
Vlan111             192.168.10.1     YES    manual   up             up

Vlan122            192.168.20.1      YES   manual   up             up

let see the connectivity between both the VLANs.

from host 2



from host 4



 


 


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3 comments:

Unknown said...

Third method using switch virtual interface (SVI) ,followed all steps but unable to ping on inter vlan hosts. I missed the IP routing mentioned in the note. All 3 methods at one place is very good. Thankyou for sharing all 3 at 1 place.

Unknown said...

Greet

Anonymous said...

Any specific reason you have to use Router on Stick over Multilayer switch or vice versa.

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