Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

Routing information protocol (RIP) is a true distance-vector routing protocol. RIP sends the complete routing table out of all active interfaces every 30 seconds. It relies on hop count to determine the best route to a remote network, but it has a maximum 15 by default, so a destination of 16 would be considered unreachable. RIP works well in very small networks, but it’s not good at large networks with WAN links or on networks with a large numbers of routers installed and 

completely useless on networks have links with variable bandwidth.

RIP version 1 uses only classful routing, its means all devices in the network must use the same subnet mask, this is because RIP version 1 doesn’t send updates with subnet mask information in tow.

RIP version 2 provides something called prefix routing and does send subnet mask information with its route update. This is called classless routing.

In short

Routing Information Protocol version 1

·         Open standard protocol

·         Classful routing protocol

·         Updates are broadcast via 255.255.255.255

·         Administrative distance is 120

·         Metric: Hop counts, maximum Hop counts: 15  

·         Load balancing of 4 equal paths

·         Used for small organizations

·         Periodic updates and exchange entire routing table for every 30 seconds

Routing Information Protocol version 2

·         Classless routing protocol

·         Support VLSM

·         Supports authentication

Advantage of RIP

·         Easy to configure

·         No design constraints like OSPF protocol

·         No complexity

·         Less overhead

Disadvantage of RIP

·         Bandwidth utilization is very high as broadcast foe every 30 seconds

·         Works only on hop count

·         Not scalable as hop count is only 15

·         Slow convergence

Configuring RIPv2

Topology 

GOAL:

• design the topology and assign ip addresses as per our diagram. 
• make sure that the interface should be in UP  state.
• configuring dynamic RIPv2. 
• verify routing table and reachability LAN between LUKE, MARK, and JOHN. by doing ping and traceroute.   

LUKE#show ip interface brief

Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

Serial3/0              10.1.1.1           YES manual up                    up

Loopback0      192.168.100.50   YES manual up                    up

MARK#show ip interface brief

Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

Serial3/0              10.1.1.2        YES manual up                    up

Serial3/1              11.1.1.2        YES manual up                    up

Loopback0              192.168.150.75  YES manual up                    up

JOHN#show ip interface brief

Interface              IP-Address           OK? Method Status                Protocol

Serial3/1              11.1.1.1                    YES manual up                     up

Loopback0              192.168.200.100    YES manual up                    up

LUKE(config)#router rip

LUKE(config-router)#version 2

LUKE(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0

LUKE(config-router)#network 192.168.100.0

MARK(config)#router rip

MARK(config-router)#version 2

MARK(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0

MARK(config-router)#network 192.168.150.0

MARK(config-router)#network 11.0.0.0

JOHN(config)#router rip

JOHN(config-router)#version 2

JOHN(config-router)#network 192.168.200.0

JOHN(config-router)#network 11.0.0.0

LUKE#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP

       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial3/0

L        10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Serial3/0

R     11.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:09, Serial3/0

      192.168.100.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

L        192.168.100.50/32 is directly connected, Loopback0

R     192.168.150.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:09, Serial3/0

R     192.168.200.0/24 [120/2] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:09, Serial3/0

MARK#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP

       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial3/0

L        10.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Serial3/0

      11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial3/1

L        11.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Serial3/1

R     192.168.100.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.1.1, 00:00:19, Serial3/0

      192.168.150.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.150.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

L        192.168.150.75/32 is directly connected, Loopback0

R     192.168.200.0/24 [120/1] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:25, Serial3/1

JOHN#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP

       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

R     10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 11.1.1.2, 00:00:05, Serial3/1

      11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial3/1

L        11.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Serial3/1

R     192.168.100.0/24 [120/2] via 11.1.1.2, 00:00:05, Serial3/1

R     192.168.150.0/24 [120/1] via 11.1.1.2, 00:00:05, Serial3/1

      192.168.200.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C        192.168.200.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

L        192.168.200.100/32 is directly connected, Loopback0

LUKE#ping 192.168.200.100

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.200.100, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/42/48 ms

LUKE#ping 192.168.150.75

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.150.75, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/18/20 ms

LUKE#ping 11.1.1.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 11.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/42/44 ms

MARK#ping 192.168.100.50

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.100.50, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/16/24 ms

MARK#ping 192.168.200.100

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.200.100, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/14/20 ms

JOHN#ping 192.168.100.50

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.100.50, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/44/48 ms

JOHN#ping 192.168.150.75

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.150.75, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/22/28 ms

JOHN#ping 10.1.1.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/30/40 ms

LUKE#traceroute 192.168.200.100

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 192.168.200.100

VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)

  1 10.1.1.2 28 msec 24 msec 32 msec

  2 11.1.1.1 36 msec 64 msec 48 msec

LUKE#traceroute 192.168.150.75

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 192.168.150.75

VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)

  1 10.1.1.2 16 msec 20 msec 28 msec

LUKE#traceroute 11.1.1.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 11.1.1.1

VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)

  1 10.1.1.2 20 msec 16 msec 8 msec

  2 11.1.1.1 32 msec 36 msec 32 msec

MARK#traceroute 192.168.100.50

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 192.168.100.50

VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)

  1 10.1.1.1 24 msec 12 msec 28 msec

MARK#traceroute 192.168.200.100

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 192.168.200.100

VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)

  1 11.1.1.1 24 msec 44 msec 20 msec

JOHN#traceroute 192.168.100.50

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 192.168.100.50

VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)

  1 11.1.1.2 12 msec 12 msec 12 msec

  2 10.1.1.1 48 msec 32 msec 40 msec

JOHN#traceroute 192.168.150.75

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 192.168.150.75

VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)

  1 11.1.1.2 16 msec 20 msec 8 msec

JOHN#traceroute 10.1.1.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 10.1.1.1

VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)

  1 11.1.1.2 20 msec 20 msec 20 msec

  2 10.1.1.1 28 msec 32 msec 28 msec